{"id":837,"date":"2026-08-30T18:18:31","date_gmt":"2026-08-30T18:18:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/?p=837"},"modified":"2026-08-31T02:58:38","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T02:58:38","slug":"the-four-tezcatlipocas-an-aztec-tradition-that-never-was","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/mexicayotl\/the-four-tezcatlipocas-an-aztec-tradition-that-never-was\/","title":{"rendered":"The Four Tezcatlipocas: An Aztec Tradition That Never Was"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7.png 960w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-7-889x500.png 889w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">You&#8217;ve probably heard of the <strong>Four Tezcatlipocas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Maybe you learned about them in an Ethnic Studies or Chicano Studies classroom. Maybe you encountered them in a Danza Azteca c\u00edrculo or through the teachings of a respected Mexicayotl elder. Wherever you encountered them, you were probably told essentially the same thing: <strong>the Four Tezcatlipocas were a fundamental part of the Aztec worldview.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"387\" height=\"516\" src=\"http:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-893\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8.png 387w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8-225x300.png 225w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-8-375x500.png 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 387px) 100vw, 387px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"475\" src=\"http:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-840\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-1.png 500w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-1-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figcaption style=\"font-size:13px; line-height:1.35; color:#666; font-style:italic; margin-top:6px;\">\nInterestingly, depictions of the Four Tezcatlipocas are usually organized in a completely European orientation which contributes to the disconnect from the primary sources. Depictions of the directions in Pre-Columbian codices consistently orient East on the top, west on the bottom, north on the left, and south on the right.\n<\/figcaption>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">There&#8217;s just one problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The Four Tezcatlipocas, at least as the concept is commonly taught today, aren&#8217;t actually supported by the Nahua sources in the way we&#8217;ve been led to believe.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Instead, their modern prominence can be traced in large part to an interpretation popularized by Miguel Le\u00f3n-Portilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Where Did the Four Tezcatlipocas Come From?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em>, Miguel Le\u00f3n-Portilla claimed that the four Tezcatlipocas were assigned fixed colors and directions. According to Le\u00f3n-Portilla:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe red Tezcatlipoca is identified with the East, Tlapallan, the region of the red color; the black Tezcatlipoca, with the night and the region of the dead, located in the North; Quetzalcoatl, night and wind with the West, region of fecundity and life, and finally, the blue Tezcatlipoca, personified as Huitzilopochtli in Tenochtitlan, associated himself with the South, the area located to the left of the sun.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">He then places Huehueteotl at the center, observing the activities of the gods from Omeyocan and the navel of the earth (Le\u00f3n-Portilla, <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em>, p. 35).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It is a beautifully symmetrical system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Perhaps too symmetrical.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Because there is an immediate problem: <strong>Le\u00f3n-Portilla provides no citation for this directional arrangement.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And once we go looking for it in the early sources, the neat system begins to fall apart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le\u00f3n-Portilla Wasn&#8217;t the First<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">To be fair, Le\u00f3n-Portilla did not originate the idea entirely on his own.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Guilhem Olivier traces it back to another enormously influential Mexican scholar, <strong>Alfonso Caso<\/strong>. Olivier writes that Caso, drawing upon the <em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em>, appears to have originated the idea that the four sons of the primordial couple should be understood as four Tezcatlipocas: red, black, white, and blue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But here&#8217;s the problem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>That&#8217;s not what the source actually says.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">As Olivier points out, the <em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em> identifies only <strong>two<\/strong> of the four brothers as Tezcatlipoca:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tlatlauhqui Tezcatlipoca<\/strong> \u2014 the Red Tezcatlipoca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Yayauhqui Tezcatlipoca<\/strong> \u2014 the Black Tezcatlipoca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The source then names <strong>Quetzalcoatl<\/strong> and <strong>Huitzilopochtli<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">What it does <strong>not<\/strong> do is call Quetzalcoatl the \u201cWhite Tezcatlipoca.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It does <strong>not<\/strong> call Huitzilopochtli the \u201cBlue Tezcatlipoca.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">As Olivier puts it, those identities were \u201cinvented by the Mexican scholar and his followers\u201d (Olivier Mockeries and Meramopheses, p. 270).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And there is something else the source doesn&#8217;t do:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It never assigns these four teteoh to the four cardinal directions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Yet Caso&#8217;s interpretation was enormously influential. Le\u00f3n-Portilla repeated and expanded it, and the resulting four-color, four-direction scheme has now been reproduced so many times that it is frequently presented as though it came directly from Nahua sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It doesn&#8217;t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">So What Does the Original Source Actually Say?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Let&#8217;s go back to the text.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The <em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em> tells us that Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl had four sons. The eldest was <strong>Tlatlauhqui Tezcatlipoca<\/strong>, the principal god of Huexotzinco and Tlaxcala, where he was known as Camaxtli, and he was described as red. The second was <strong>Yayauhqui Tezcatlipoca<\/strong>, who was described as black. The third was <strong>Quetzalcoatl<\/strong>, also called Yohualli Ehecatl. The fourth was <strong>Omitecuhtli\/Maquizcoatl<\/strong>, whom the Mexica called Huitzilopochtli (<em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Strip away the later interpretation, and what can we actually conclude from this source?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The parents of the four gods are <strong>Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl<\/strong>, not Ometeotl.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">There is a <strong>Red Tezcatlipoca<\/strong>, Tlatlauhqui Tezcatlipoca, who is also identified with Camaxtli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">There is a <strong>Black Tezcatlipoca<\/strong>, Yayauhqui Tezcatlipoca.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Quetzalcoatl is also called <strong>Yohualli Ehecatl<\/strong>, but the passage assigns him <strong>no color<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The fourth brother is identified as <strong>Omitecuhtli, Maquizcoatl, and Huitzilopochtli<\/strong>, but the passage assigns him <strong>no color<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>None of the four brothers are assigned to cardinal directions.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That&#8217;s a long way from the familiar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Red = East<br>Black = North<br>White = West<br>Blue = South<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And there&#8217;s another important wrinkle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The <em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em> isn&#8217;t even a surviving pre-Columbian Nahua manuscript. The account was written in Spanish by the Franciscan Andr\u00e9s de Olmos sometime between 1533 and 1540.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">So the famous Four Tezcatlipocas diagram isn&#8217;t something we can simply point to in a pre-Columbian codex and say:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u201cThere it is.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Pre-Columbian Evidence Gets Even Messier<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">When we turn to pre-Columbian sources, we can clearly identify at least three distinct color manifestations of Tezcatlipoca: <strong>red, blue, and black<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/images-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"447\" height=\"447\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/images-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-846\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/images-4.png 447w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/images-4-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/images-4-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4564.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"372\" height=\"391\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4564.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-847\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4564.jpg 372w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture4564-285x300.jpg 285w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture489498.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"298\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture489498.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-848\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture489498.jpg 298w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Capture489498-236x300.jpg 236w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The Black Tezcatlipoca is strongly associated with the night.  The Red Tezcatlipoca overlaps strongly with <strong>Xipe Totec and Piltzintecuhtli<\/strong> and is associated with the period between night and sunrise. The Blue Tezcatlipoca overlaps with <strong>Itztlacoliuhqui-Ixquimilli<\/strong> and is associated with the cold of the nighttime hours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But these manifestations do not automatically produce Le\u00f3n-Portilla&#8217;s four-directional system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Tezcatlipoca&#8217;s complexity goes much further than color.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">He also carries titles such as <strong>Ipalnemohuani, Yohualli Ehecatl, Moyocoyani,<\/strong> and <strong>Tloque Nahuaque<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Some Spanish friars attempted to co-opt <em>Ipalnemohuani<\/em> to describe the Christian God in Nahuatl, while many Mexicayotl teachers today interpret these titles as references to an all-encompassing cosmic energy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But the surviving Nahuatl texts can be remarkably explicit about who these titles belong to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Consider this passage:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Auh cuix tictlacaitta in tloqueh nahuaqueh: in telpochtli, in moyocoya, in titlacahua in tezcatlipoca: ca yohualli, ca ehecatl<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cBehold the lord of the near, of the nigh, the youth, Moyocoya, Titlacauan, Tezcatlipoca: For he is the night; he is the wind.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">(<em>Florentine Codex<\/em>, Book 6, p. 33; Anderson and Dibble 1961).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And again:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tloquehe, nahuaquehe, ipalnemoaniye, titlacahuane; xinechmotlaocolili<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cO lord of the near, of the nigh, O [thou] through whom there is living, O Titlacauan, pity me.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">(<em>Florentine Codex<\/em>, Book 1, p. 11; Anderson and Dibble 1950).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">These aren&#8217;t vague cosmic titles floating independently through Nahua philosophy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The text explicitly places them on Tezcatlipoca.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And that gives us a very different way of understanding his relationship to space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tezcatlipoca Is Literally Scattered Across the Directions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Rather than imagining four separate Tezcatlipocas, each confined to his own color-coded quarter of the universe, the surviving imagery can present <strong>Tezcatlipoca himself across the entire cosmic field<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Page 1 of the <em>Codex Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em> makes this extraordinarily literal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"977\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2-1024x977.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-917\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0481064483111566;width:1024px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2-1024x977.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2-300x286.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2-768x733.png 768w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2-524x500.png 524w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/Img2.png 1284w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Tezcatlipoca&#8217;s <strong>right arm<\/strong> appears in the East.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">His <strong>head<\/strong> appears in the South.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">His <strong>severed foot<\/strong> appears in the North.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">His <strong>rib cage<\/strong> appears in the West.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And blood flowing from all four body parts spills toward the <strong>center<\/strong> (<em>Codex Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em>, p. 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Think about what we&#8217;re actually looking at.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">This isn&#8217;t four Tezcatlipocas sitting neatly in four directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It is Tezcatlipoca&#8217;s own body distributed across the directional cosmos.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And the <em>Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em> doesn&#8217;t stop there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">On the final page of the codex, Tezcatlipoca is depicted with the <strong>260 days of the tonalpohualli emanating from his body<\/strong>. Each day sign represents the first day of one of the twenty trecenas, while the twelve accompanying black dots complete each thirteen-day period (<em>Codex Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em>, final page).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"718\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-3-1.png\" alt=\"This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-3.png\" class=\"wp-image-901\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0445682451253482;width:750px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-3-1.png 750w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-3-1-300x287.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-3-1-522x500.png 522w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">So Tezcatlipoca isn&#8217;t simply being assigned <strong>a<\/strong> direction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>He is being mapped across time and space.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">And Tezcatlipoca Isn&#8217;t the Only One<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">This is where the Four Tezcatlipocas model runs into an even bigger problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">On that same first page of the <em>Codex Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em>, the nine <em>tonalli<\/em> patrons\u2014commonly called the \u201cLords of the Night\u201d\u2014are themselves distributed among the directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In the East we find <strong>Piltzintecuhtli and Itztli<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In the North, <strong>Tlaloc and Tepeyollotl<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In the West, <strong>Chalchiuhtlicue and Tlazolteotl<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In the South, <strong>Cinteotl and Mictlantecuhtli<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And in the Center, <strong>Xiuhtecuhtli<\/strong>  (<em>Codex Fej\u00e9rv\u00e1ry-Mayer<\/em>, p. 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Then turn to page 27 of the <strong>Codex Borgia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1.png\" alt=\"This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-4-1024x1024.png\" class=\"wp-image-902\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;width:1024px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-4-1024x1024-1-500x500.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">There we find <strong>Tlaloc inhabiting all five directions<\/strong> (<em>Codex Borgia<\/em>, p. 27).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Importantly, the four directional manifestations of Tlaloc <strong>are color-coded<\/strong>\u2014but here the colors and directions have a clear function. They express the different qualities of the rain arriving from each quarter of the cosmos. The northern rain was dangerous to crops; the eastern and western rains brought fertility; while the southern rain could bring both fertility and danger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">In other words, a single <em>teotl<\/em> could manifest differently according to direction, with color helping communicate the particular character of that manifestation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>That distinction matters.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The presence of different colors and directions does not, by itself, require us to turn those manifestations into four distinct teteoh. The Tlaloc imagery shows just how easily we can impose that kind of rigid classification on a directional system that was actually communicating something far more complex.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And the <em>Codex Borgia<\/em> complicates the picture even further. Elsewhere in the same codex, entirely different <em>teteoh<\/em> occupy the five directions while <strong>Tezcatlipoca is completely absent<\/strong> (<em>Codex Borgia<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">So the directions were not permanent seats reserved for four Tezcatlipocas. <strong>Who occupied them\u2014and what their colors meant\u2014depended on the particular ritual, calendrical, or cosmological context being represented.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-scaled.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1017\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1.png\" alt=\"This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-5-1024x1017.png\" class=\"wp-image-898\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.0068829891838742;width:1024px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1-300x298.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1-768x763.png 768w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-5-1024x1017-1-503x500.png 503w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"554\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6-1.png\" alt=\"This image has an empty alt attribute; its file name is image-6.png\" class=\"wp-image-900\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1;width:554px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6-1.png 554w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6-1-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-6-1-500x500.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That should tell us something.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Perhaps someone might argue in response &#8220;well, Quetzalcoatl may not be the white Tezcatlipoca but he is still firmly associated with the West.&#8221;  In some myths he is indeed associated with the West but in other sources such as page 15 of the Codex Telleriano-Remensis, he is associated with the North:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-9.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"687\" height=\"584\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-909\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-9.png 687w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-9-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-9-588x500.png 588w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 687px) 100vw, 687px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">and in still other sources such as page 56 of the Codex Borgia, he is associated with both the Eastern and Western directions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"538\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10.png 538w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/image-10-505x500.png 505w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 538px) 100vw, 538px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Context matters. The Aztec <em>teteoh<\/em> are extraordinarily difficult to pin down to one specific time, place, identity, or function, and any attempt to force them into a single, universal system will necessarily dilute the complexity we actually find in the sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><br>It&#8217;s Time to Retire the Four Tezcatlipocas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">None of this means directional symbolism wasn&#8217;t important in Central Mexican religion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Of course it was.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Colors mattered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Directions mattered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Different manifestations of Tezcatlipoca mattered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But those facts do <strong>not<\/strong> automatically add up to the tidy system Caso and Le\u00f3n-Portilla reconstructed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The actual evidence is considerably messier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And considerably more interesting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Teteoh overlap. Teteoh transform. Different <em>teteoh<\/em> occupy the same directions in different contexts. A single teotl can appear throughout multiple directions. Tezcatlipoca&#8217;s dismembered body can span the directional cosmos, while elsewhere Tlaloc occupies all five directions and Tezcatlipoca disappears from the diagram altogether.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Trying to force all of this into:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Red Tezcatlipoca = East<br>Black Tezcatlipoca = North<br>White Tezcatlipoca = West<br>Blue Tezcatlipoca = South<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">doesn&#8217;t clarify the sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>It flattens them.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And there is one final issue we need to confront.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em> Was Published in 1963<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Le\u00f3n-Portilla&#8217;s <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em> was published more than <strong>six decades ago<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That doesn&#8217;t make it worthless. It doesn&#8217;t make Le\u00f3n-Portilla unimportant. And it certainly doesn&#8217;t erase his enormous influence on the development of modern Nahua studies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But it <strong>does<\/strong> mean that we should stop treating a book published in 1963 as though it represents the current state of scholarship.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A tremendous amount has happened since then.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Later generations of scholars have challenged, revised, and in some cases rejected interpretations associated with Le\u00f3n-Portilla. The Four Tezcatlipocas is itself a perfect example of why older reconstructions need to be checked against both subsequent scholarship and the primary sources rather than repeated simply because they appeared in an influential book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">More importantly, <strong>we are no longer living in Le\u00f3n-Portilla&#8217;s scholarly world.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">When <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em> appeared, many of the materials necessary to independently evaluate arguments about Nahua religion were extraordinarily difficult for the average reader to access. Codices, colonial manuscripts, Nahuatl-language texts, translations, obscure editions, and specialized scholarship could be locked away in archives, major research libraries, expensive publications, or institutions inaccessible to most people.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">For most readers, scholars like Le\u00f3n-Portilla weren&#8217;t merely interpreting the evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>They were also gatekeepers to it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That has changed dramatically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Today, many of the same primary sources can be opened on a laptop in seconds. Digitized codices can be examined page by page. Nahuatl passages can be placed alongside their translations. Early colonial histories can be downloaded and searched. And decades of scholarship published after Le\u00f3n-Portilla can be compared with the interpretations he proposed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That changes the equation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Because today we can do something that most readers encountering <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em> in 1963 could not easily do:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>We can check.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">We can go back to the <em>Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas<\/em> and ask whether it actually describes four color-coded Tezcatlipocas occupying four directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It doesn&#8217;t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It gives us a Red Tezcatlipoca and a Black Tezcatlipoca, but it does not call Quetzalcoatl the White Tezcatlipoca. It does not call Huitzilopochtli the Blue Tezcatlipoca. And it does not assign the four brothers to the four cardinal directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Then we can open the pre-Columbian codices themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And what do we find?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Tezcatlipoca&#8217;s body distributed throughout the directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Tlaloc occupying all five directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Other <em>teteoh<\/em> occupying directional arrangements in which Tezcatlipoca is completely absent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">That doesn&#8217;t look like Le\u00f3n-Portilla&#8217;s tidy diagram.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">So why should we continue treating that reconstruction as though it were a description handed down directly from the Aztecs?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>We shouldn&#8217;t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">This doesn&#8217;t mean we should stop reading Le\u00f3n-Portilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">It means we should stop treating <strong>Le\u00f3n-Portilla as the final word.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Read Le\u00f3n-Portilla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Read Caso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Read Olivier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Read the scholars who challenged them and the scholars who defended them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But most importantly:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Read the sources.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">The Four Tezcatlipocas is an elegant modern framework. That&#8217;s probably one reason it became so popular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">But <strong>elegance isn&#8217;t evidence.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Repetition isn&#8217;t evidence.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Authority isn&#8217;t evidence.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">More than sixty years after <em>Aztec Thought and Culture<\/em>, there is little justification for repeating Le\u00f3n-Portilla&#8217;s reconstruction simply because Le\u00f3n-Portilla said it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The sources are available now.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>We can check for ourselves.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">And when a twentieth-century reconstruction and the surviving evidence don&#8217;t match, <strong>the sources should win.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You&#8217;ve probably heard of the Four Tezcatlipocas. Maybe you learned about them in an Ethnic Studies or Chicano Studies classroom. Maybe you encountered them in a Danza Azteca c\u00edrculo or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/mexicayotl\/the-four-tezcatlipocas-an-aztec-tradition-that-never-was\/\" class=\"more-link\">[&hellip;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"Layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[10,15,16,9,11,14],"class_list":["entry","author-admin","post-837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-mexicayotl","tag-aztec","tag-four-tezcatliocas","tag-leon-portilla","tag-mesoamerica","tag-mexica","tag-ometeotl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=837"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":918,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/837\/revisions\/918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.calmecacanahuac.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}