Difference between revisions of "Cempoalilhuitl"

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The Cempoalilhuitl literally means "20 days". This period of 20 days is also referred to as metztli and veintena in various sources.   
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The Cempoalilhuitl literally means "20 days". This period of 20 days is also referred to as metztli and veintena in various sources.  For each 20 day period, a feast dedicated to the designated Teotl took place on the first day.  <ref>Sahagun, Bernardino.  Florentine Codex, Book 2.  Pages 1-35.</ref>  In addition, there were various ceremonies that took place within each month.
  
==== Heading text ====
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==== Relation to the Xiuhpohualli ====
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The cempoalilhuitl is considered to be "fixed" because since it is tied exactly to the xiuhpohualli, it can be used for commemorative dates such as La Noche Triste which takes place on 11-[[Tecuilhuitontli]] and 11-[[Tecuilhuitontli]] in subsequent years will always fall in the same location in the solar year although the [[tonalli]] will be different.  Therefore it is the cempoalilhuitl that is used to identify a particular time during the solar year rather than the [[trecena]] or [[tonalli]].
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==== Meaning, Associated Dates and Teteo ====
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
! Cempohualilhuitl !! Date Range !! Glyph !! English Translation !! Teotl
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! Cempohualilhuitl !! Date Range <ref>The given dates correspond to the 2014-2015 Gregorian year.  These dates will be the same for all years when the spring equinox occurs on Mach 20th. </ref> !! Glyph !! English Translation <ref>Munro, Edmonson.  The Book of the Year Middle American Calendrical Systems. Pages 216-217 of </ref> !! Teotl <ref>Unless otherwise stated, the Teteo are taken from: Sahagun, Bernardino.  Florentine Codex, Book 2.  Pages 1-35.</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
| Tlacaxipehualiztli || Example || Example || Example || Xipe Totec
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| Tlacaxipehualiztli || 3/21-4/9 || align = "center" | [[Image:Tlaca.fw.png]] || Flay || Xipe Totec
 
|-
 
|-
| Tozoztontli || Example || Example || Example || Tlaloc
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| Tozoztontli || 4/10-4/29 || align = "center" | [[Image:Tozoz.fw.png]] || Vigil || Tlaloc
 
|-
 
|-
| Huey Tozoztli || Example || Example || Example || Cinteotl
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| Huey Tozoztli || 4/30-5/19 || align = "center" | [[Image:Htozoz.fw.png]] || Great Vigil || Cinteotl
 
|-
 
|-
| Toxcatl || Example || Example || Example || Titlacauan and Tezcatlipoca
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| Toxcatl || 5/20-6/8 || align = "center" | [[Image:Toxcatl.fw.png]] || Youth || Titlacauan and [[Tezcatlipoca]]
 
|-
 
|-
| Etzalcualiztli || Example || Example || Example || Tlaloque
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| Etzalcualiztli || 6/9-6/28 || align = "center" | [[Image:Etzalcualiztli.fw.png]] || Bean || Tlaloque
 
|-
 
|-
| Tecuilhuitontli || Example || Example || Example || Huixtocihuatl
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| [[Tecuilhuitontli]] || 6/29-7/18 || align = "center" | [[Image:Tecuil.fw.png]] || Lord || [[Huixtocihuatl]]
 
|-
 
|-
| Huey Tecuilhuitl || Example || Example || Example || Xilonen
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| [[Huey Tecuilhuitl]] || 7/19-8/7 || align = "center" | [[Image:Htecuil.fw.png]] || Great Lord || Xilonen
 
|-
 
|-
| Miccailhuitontli || Example || Example || Example || Huitzilopochtli
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| Miccailhuitontli, Tlaxochimaco || 8/8-8/27 || align = "center" | [[Image:Miccail.fw.png]] || Dead, Flower || Huitzilopochtli
 
|-
 
|-
| Huey Miccailhuitontli || Example || Example || Example || Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
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| Huey Miccailhuitontli, Xocotl Huetzi || 8/28-9/16 || align = "center" | [[Image:Hmiccail.fw.png]] || Great Dead, Fruit || Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
 
|-
 
|-
| Ochpaniztli || Example || Example || Example || Teteo Innan or Toci
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| Ochpaniztli || 9/17-10/6 || align = "center" | [[Image:Ochpan.fw.png]] || Sweep || Teteo Innan or Toci
 
|-
 
|-
| Teotleco || Example || Example || Example || Nochi Teteo
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| Teotleco || 10/7-10/26 || align = "center" | [[Image:Pachton.fw.png]] || Moss || Nochi Teteo
 
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| Tepeilhuitl || Example || Example || Example || Tepetl Popocatepetl, Tepetl Itztaccihuatl, Tepetl Tlaloc, and Tepetl Matlalcueye <ref>Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel.  Handbook to Life in the Aztec World. Page 328</ref>
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| Tepeilhuitl || 10/27-11/15 || align = "center" | [[Image:Hpactli.fw.png]] || Mountain || Tepetl Popocatepetl, Tepetl Itztaccihuatl, Tepetl Tlaloc, and Tepetl Matlalcueye <ref>Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel.  Handbook to Life in the Aztec World. Page 328</ref>
 
|-
 
|-
| Quecholli || Example || Example || Example || Mixcoatl
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| Quecholli || 11/16-12/5 || align = "center" | [[Image:Quecho.fw.png]] || Macaw || Mixcoatl
 
|-
 
|-
| Panquetzaliztli || Example || Example || Example || Huitzilopochtli
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| [[Panquetzaliztli]] || 12/6-12/25 || align = "center" | [[Image:Panquet.fw.png]] || Flag || Huitzilopochtli
 
|-
 
|-
| Atemoztli || Example || Example || Example || Tlaloque
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| Atemoztli || 12/26-1/14 || align = "center" | [[Image:Atemoz.fw.png]] || Water || Tlaloque
 
|-
 
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| Tititl|| Example || Example || Example || Ilamatecuhtli, Tonan, and Cozcamiauh
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| Tititl|| 1/15-2/3 || align = "center" | [[Image:Tititl.fw.png]] || Storm || Ilamatecuhtli, Tonan, and Cozcamiauh
 
|-
 
|-
| Izcalli || Example || Example || Example || Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
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| Izcalli || 2/4-2/23 || align = "center" | [[Image:Izcalli.fw.png]] || Sprout || Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
 
|-
 
|-
| Atlcahualo || Example || Example || Example || Tlaloque or Quetzalcoatl or Chalchiutlicue
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| Atlcahualo || 2/24-3/15 || align = "center" | [[Image:Atlcahu.fw.png]] || Water || Tlaloque or Quetzalcoatl or Chalchiutlicue
 
|-
 
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| Nemontemi  || Example || Example || Example || None
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| Nemontemi  || 3/16-3/20 || align = "center" | [[Image:Nemon.fw.png]] || Vain || None
 
|}
 
|}
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<references />

Revision as of 06:02, 25 December 2014

The Cempoalilhuitl literally means "20 days". This period of 20 days is also referred to as metztli and veintena in various sources. For each 20 day period, a feast dedicated to the designated Teotl took place on the first day. [1] In addition, there were various ceremonies that took place within each month.

Relation to the Xiuhpohualli

The cempoalilhuitl is considered to be "fixed" because since it is tied exactly to the xiuhpohualli, it can be used for commemorative dates such as La Noche Triste which takes place on 11-Tecuilhuitontli and 11-Tecuilhuitontli in subsequent years will always fall in the same location in the solar year although the tonalli will be different. Therefore it is the cempoalilhuitl that is used to identify a particular time during the solar year rather than the trecena or tonalli.

Meaning, Associated Dates and Teteo

Cempohualilhuitl Date Range [2] Glyph English Translation [3] Teotl [4]
Tlacaxipehualiztli 3/21-4/9 Tlaca.fw.png Flay Xipe Totec
Tozoztontli 4/10-4/29 Tozoz.fw.png Vigil Tlaloc
Huey Tozoztli 4/30-5/19 Htozoz.fw.png Great Vigil Cinteotl
Toxcatl 5/20-6/8 Toxcatl.fw.png Youth Titlacauan and Tezcatlipoca
Etzalcualiztli 6/9-6/28 Etzalcualiztli.fw.png Bean Tlaloque
Tecuilhuitontli 6/29-7/18 Tecuil.fw.png Lord Huixtocihuatl
Huey Tecuilhuitl 7/19-8/7 Htecuil.fw.png Great Lord Xilonen
Miccailhuitontli, Tlaxochimaco 8/8-8/27 Miccail.fw.png Dead, Flower Huitzilopochtli
Huey Miccailhuitontli, Xocotl Huetzi 8/28-9/16 Hmiccail.fw.png Great Dead, Fruit Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
Ochpaniztli 9/17-10/6 Ochpan.fw.png Sweep Teteo Innan or Toci
Teotleco 10/7-10/26 Pachton.fw.png Moss Nochi Teteo
Tepeilhuitl 10/27-11/15 Hpactli.fw.png Mountain Tepetl Popocatepetl, Tepetl Itztaccihuatl, Tepetl Tlaloc, and Tepetl Matlalcueye [5]
Quecholli 11/16-12/5 Quecho.fw.png Macaw Mixcoatl
Panquetzaliztli 12/6-12/25 Panquet.fw.png Flag Huitzilopochtli
Atemoztli 12/26-1/14 Atemoz.fw.png Water Tlaloque
Tititl 1/15-2/3 Tititl.fw.png Storm Ilamatecuhtli, Tonan, and Cozcamiauh
Izcalli 2/4-2/23 Izcalli.fw.png Sprout Xiuhtecuhtli or Ixcocauhqui
Atlcahualo 2/24-3/15 Atlcahu.fw.png Water Tlaloque or Quetzalcoatl or Chalchiutlicue
Nemontemi 3/16-3/20 Nemon.fw.png Vain None
  1. Sahagun, Bernardino. Florentine Codex, Book 2. Pages 1-35.
  2. The given dates correspond to the 2014-2015 Gregorian year. These dates will be the same for all years when the spring equinox occurs on Mach 20th.
  3. Munro, Edmonson. The Book of the Year Middle American Calendrical Systems. Pages 216-217 of
  4. Unless otherwise stated, the Teteo are taken from: Sahagun, Bernardino. Florentine Codex, Book 2. Pages 1-35.
  5. Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel. Handbook to Life in the Aztec World. Page 328